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Chapter 3: Karma-yoga
TEXT 1
अर्जुन उवाच |
ज्यायसी चेत्कर्मणस्ते मता बुद्धिर्जनार्दन |
तत्किं कर्मणि घोरे मां नियोजयसि केशव || 1||
अर्जुन उवाच |
ज्यायसी चेत्-कर्मणस्-ते, मत बुद्धिर-जनार्दन |
तत्-किम कर्मणि घोरे मां, नियोजयासि केशव || 1||
arjuna uvaca
jyayasi cet karmanas te mata buddhir janardana
tat kim karmani ghore mam niyojayasi kesava
SYNONYMS
arjunah—Arjuna; uvaca—said; jyayasi—speaking very highly;
cet—although; karmanah—than fruitive action; te—your; mata—opinion;
buddhih—intelligence; janardana—O Krsna; tat—therefore; kim—why;
karmani—in action; ghore—ghastly; mam—me; niyojayasi—engaging me;
kesava—O Krsna.
TRANSLATION
Arjuna said: O Janardana, O Kesava, why do You urge me to engage in this ghastly warfare, if You think that intelligence is better than fruitive work?
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Chapter 3: Karma-yoga
TEXT 4
न कर्मणामनारम्भान्नैष्कर्म्यं पुरुषोऽश्नुते |
न च संन्यसनादेव सिद्धिं समधिगच्छति || 4||
न कर्मणाम-अनारम्भान्, नैष्कर्म्यं पुरुषो-ऽश्नुते |
न च संन्यसनाद-एव, सिद्धिं समधिगच्छति || 4||
na karmanam anarambhan naiskarmyam puruso 'snute
na ca sannyasanad eva siddhim samadhigacchati
SYNONYMS
na—without; karmanam—of the prescribed duties;
anarambhat—non-performance; naiskarmyam—freedom from reaction;
purusah—man; asnute—achieve; na—nor; ca—also;
sannyasanat—by renunciation; eva—simply; siddhim—success;
samadhigacchati—attain.
TRANSLATION
Not by merely abstaining from work can one achieve freedom from reaction, nor by renunciation alone can one attain perfection.
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Chapter 3: Karma-yoga
TEXT 5
न हि कश्चित्क्षणमपि जातु तिष्ठत्यकर्मकृत् |
कार्यते ह्यवश: कर्म सर्व: प्रकृतिजैर्गुणै: || 5||
न हि कश्चित्-क्षणम-अपि, जातु तिष्ठति अकर्म-कृत् |
कार्यते हि-अवश: कर्म, सर्व: प्रकृति-जैर-गुणैः || 5||
na hi kascit ksanam api jatu tisthaty akarma-krt
karyate hy avasah karma sarvah prakrti-jair gunaih
SYNONYMS
na—nor; hi—certainly; kascit—anyone; ksanam—even a moment; api—also;
jatu—even; tisthati—stands; akarma-krt—without doing something;
karyate—is forced to do; hi—certainly; avasah—helplessly; karma—work;
sarvah—everything; prakrti-jaih—out of the modes of material nature;
gunaih—by the qualities.
TRANSLATION
All men are forced to act helplessly according to the impulses born of the modes of material nature; therefore no one can refrain from doing something, not even for a moment.
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Chapter 3: Karma-yoga
TEXT 6
कर्मेन्द्रियाणि संयम्य य आस्ते मनसा स्मरन् |
इन्द्रियार्थान्विमूढात्मा मिथ्याचार: स उच्यते || 6||
कर्म-ईन्द्रियाणि संयम्य, य आस्ते मनसा स्मरन् |
इन्द्रिय-आर्थान-विमुढात्मा, मिथ्याचार: स उच्यते || 6||
karmendriyani samyamya ya aste manasa smaran
indriyarthan vimudhatma mithyacarah sa ucyate
SYNONYMS
karma-indriyani—the five working sense organs; samyamya—controlling;
yah—anyone who; aste—remains; manasa—by mind; smaran—thinking;
indriya-arthan—sense objects; vimudha—foolish; atma—soul;
mithya-acarah—pretender; sah—he; ucyate—is called.
TRANSLATION
One who restrains the senses and organs of action, but whose mind dwells on sense objects, certainly deludes himself and is called a pretender.
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Chapter 3: Karma-yoga
TEXT 7
यस्त्विन्द्रियाणि मनसा नियम्यारभतेऽर्जुन |
कर्मेन्द्रियै: कर्मयोगमसक्त: स विशिष्यते || 7||
यह-तु-इन्द्रियाणि मनसा, नियम्या-अरभते-ऽर्जुन |
कर्मेन्द्रियै: कर्मयोगं , असक्त: सः विशिष्यते || 7||
yas tv indriyani manasa niyamyarabhate 'rjuna
karmendriyaih karma-yogam asaktah sa visisyate
SYNONYMS
yah—one who; tu—but; indriyani—senses; manasa—by the mind;
niyamya—regulating; arabhate—begins; arjuna—O Arjuna;
karma-indriyaih—by the active sense organs; karma-yogam—devotion;
asaktah—without attachment; sah—he; visisyate—by far the better.
TRANSLATION
On the other hand, he who controls the senses by the mind and engages his active organs in works of devotion, without attachment, is by far superior.
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Chapter 18: Conclusion-The Perfection of Renunciation
TEXT 24
यत्तुकामेप्सुना कर्म साहङ्कारेण वा पुन: |
क्रियते बहुलायासं तद्राजसमुदाहृतम् || 24||
यत-तु-कामेप्सुना कर्म, साहङ्कारेण वा पुन: |
क्रियते बहुलायासं, तद-राजसम -उदाहृतम् || 24||
yat tu kamepsuna karma sahankarena va punah
kriyate bahulayasam tad rajasam udahrtam
SYNONYMS
yat—that which; tu—but; kama-ipsuna—with fruitive result;
karma—work; sahankarena—with ego; va—or; punah—again;
kriyate—performed; bahula-ayasam—with great labor; tat—that;
rajasam—in the mode of passion; udahrtam—is said to be.
TRANSLATION
But action performed with great effort by one seeking to gratify his desires, and which is enacted from a sense of false ego, is called action in the mode of passion.
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Chapter 18: Conclusion-The Perfection of Renunciation
TEXT 25
अनुबन्धं क्षयं हिंसामनपेक्ष्य च पौरुषम् |
मोहादारभ्यते कर्म यतत्तामसमुच्यते || 25||
अनुबन्धं क्षयं हिंसाम, अनपेक्ष्य च पौरुषम् |
मोहाद-आरभ्यते कर्म, यत-तत-तमसम-उच्यते || 25||
anubandham ksayam himsam anapeksya ca paurusam
mohad arabhyate karma yat tat tamasam ucyate
SYNONYMS
anubandham—future bondage; ksayam—distracted; himsam—violence;
anapeksya—without consideration of consequences; ca—also;
paurusam—distressing to others; mohat—by illusion; arabhyate—begun;
karma—work; yat—that; tat—which; tamasam—in the mode of ignorance;
ucyate—is said to be.
TRANSLATION
And that action performed in ignorance and delusion without consideration of future bondage or consequences, which inflicts injury and is impractical, is said to be action in the mode of ignorance.
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Chapter 2: Contents of the Gita Summarized
TEXT 47
कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन |
मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि || 47 ||
कर्मणि-एव-अधिकारस ते , मा फलेषु कदाचन |
मा कर्म फल हेतुर भूर, मा ते सङ्गो-ऽस्तु -अकर्मणि || 47 ||
karmany evadhikaras te ma phalesu kadacana
ma karma-phala-hetur bhur ma te sango 'stv akarmani
SYNONYMS
karmani—prescribed duties; eva—certainly; adhikarah—right; te-of you;
ma—never; phalesu—in the fruits; kadacana—at any time; ma—never;
karma-phala—in the result of the work; hetuh—cause; bhuh—become;
ma—never; te—of you; sangah—attachment; astu—be there;
akarmani—in not doing.
TRANSLATION
You have a right to perform your prescribed duty, but you are not entitled to the fruits of action. Never consider yourself to be the cause of the results of your activities, and never be attached to not doing your duty.
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Chapter 2: Contents of the Gita Summarized
TEXT 50
बुद्धियुक्तो जहातीह उभे सुकृतदुष्कृते |
तस्माद्योगाय युज्यस्व योग: कर्मसु कौशलम् || 50||
बुद्धि युक्तो जहातीह, उभे सुकृत दुष्कृते |
तस्माद -योगाय युज्यस्व, योग: कर्मसु कौशलम् || 50||
buddhi-yukto jahatiha ubhe sukrta-duskrte
tasmad yogaya yujyasva yogah karmasu kausalam
SYNONYMS
buddhi-yuktah—one who is engaged in devotional service; jahati—can get rid of; iha—in this life; ubhe—in both; sukrta-duskrte—in good and bad results;
tasmat—therefore; yogaya—for the sake of devotional service;
tasmat—therefore; yogaya—for the sake of devotional service;
yujyasva—be so engaged; yogah—Krsna consciousness;
karmasu—in all activities; kausalam—art.
TRANSLATION
A man engaged in devotional service rids himself of both good and bad actions even in this life. Therefore strive for yoga, O Arjuna, which is the art of all work.
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Chapter 4: Transcendental Knowledge
TEXT 16
किं कर्म किमकर्मेति कवयोऽप्यत्र मोहिता: |
तत्ते कर्म प्रवक्ष्यामि यज्ज्ञात्वा मोक्ष्यसेऽशुभात् || 16||
किं कर्म किम अकर्मेति, कवयो-ऽपि -अत्र मोहिता: |
तत्-ते कर्म प्रवक्ष्यामि, यत-ज्ञ्यात्वा मोक्ष्यसे ऽशुभात् || 16||
kim karma kim akarmeti kavayo 'py atra mohitah
tat te karma pravaksyami yaj jnatva moksyase 'subhat
SYNONYMS
kim—what is; karma—action; kim—what is; akarma—inaction; iti—thus;
kavayah—the intelligent; api—also; atra—in this matter; mohitah—bewildered;
tat—that; te—unto you; karma—work; pravaksyami—I shall explain;
yat—which; jnatva—knowing; moksyase—be liberated;
asubhat—from ill fortune.
TRANSLATION
Even the intelligent are bewildered in determining what is action and what is inaction. Now I shall explain to you what action is, knowing which you shall be liberated from all sins.
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Chapter 4: Transcendental Knowledge
TEXT 17
कर्मणो ह्यपि बोद्धव्यं बोद्धव्यं च विकर्मण: |
अकर्मणश्च बोद्धव्यं गहना कर्मणो गति: || 17||
कर्मणो ह्य अपि बोद्धव्यं, बोद्धव्यं च विकर्मण: |
अकर्मणस च बोद्धव्यं, गहना कर्मणो गति: || 17||
karmano hy api boddhavyam boddhavyam ca vikarmanah
akarmanas ca boddhavyam gahana karmano gatih
SYNONYMS
karmanah—working order ; hi—certainly; api—also;
boddhavyam—should be understood; boddhavyam—to be understood;
ca—also; vikarmanah—forbidden work; akarmanah—inaction;
ca—also; boddhavyam—should be understood; gahana—very difficult;
karmanah—working order; gatih—to enter into.
TRANSLATION
The intricacies of action are very hard to understand. Therefore one should know properly what action is, what forbidden action is, and what inaction is.
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Chapter 2: Contents of the Gita Summarized
TEXT 28
अव्यक्तादीनि भूतानि व्यक्तमध्यानि भारत |
अव्यक्तनिधनान्येव तत्र का परिदेवना || 28||
अव्यक्तादीनि भूतानि, व्यक्त-मध्यानि भारत |
अव्यक्त-निधनान्य-एव, तत्र का परिदेवना || 28||
avyaktadini bhutani vyakta-madhyani bharata
avyakta-nidhanany eva tatra ka paridevana
SYNONYMS
avyaktadini—in the beginning unmanifested; bhutani—all that are created;
vyakta—manifested; madhyani—in the middle;
bharata—O descendant of Bharata; avyakta—nonmanifested;
nidhanani—all that are vanquished; eva—it is all like that; tatra—therefore;
ka-what; paridevana—lamentation.
TRANSLATION
All created beings are unmanifest in their beginning, manifest in their interim state, and unmanifest again when they are annihilated. So what need is there for lamentation?
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Chapter 4: Transcendental Knowledge
TEXT 18
कर्मण्यकर्म य: पश्येदकर्मणि च कर्म य: |
स बुद्धिमान्मनुष्येषु स युक्त: कृत्स्नकर्मकृत् || 18||
कर्मण्य-अकर्म य: पश्येद, अकर्मणि च कर्म य: |
स बुद्धिमान-मनुष्येषु, स युक्त: कृत्स्न-कर्म-कृत् || 18||
karmany akarma yah pasyed akarmani ca karma yah
sa buddhiman manusyesu sa yuktah krtsna-karma-krt
SYNONYMS
karmani—in action; akarma—inaction; yah—one who; pasyet—observes;
akarmani—in inaction; ca—also; karma—fruitive action; yah—one who;
sah—he; buddhiman—is intelligent; manusyesu—in human society; sah—he;
yuktah—is in the transcendental position;
krtsna-karma-krt—although engaged in all activities.
TRANSLATION
One who sees inaction in action, and action in inaction, is intelligent among men, and he is in the tranecendental position, although engaged in all sorts of activities.
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Chapter 4: Transcendental Knowledge
TEXT 20
त्यक्त्वा कर्मफलासङ्गं नित्यतृप्तो निराश्रय: |
कर्मण्यभिप्रवृत्तोऽपि नैव किञ्चित्करोति स: || 20||
त्यक्त्वा कर्म-फलासङ्गं, नित्य-तृप्तो निराश्रय: |
कर्मण्य-अभिप्रवृत्तो-ऽपि, नैव किञ्चित -करोति स: || 20||
tyaktva karma-phalasangam nitya-trpto nirasrayah
karmany abhipravrtto 'pi naiva kincit karoti sah
SYNONYMS
tyaktva—having given up; karma-phala-asangam—attachment for fruitive results; nitya—always; trptah—being satisfied;
nirasrayah—without any center; karmani—in activity;
abhipravrttah—being fully engaged; api—in spite of; na—does not; eva—certainly; kincit—anything; karoti—do; sah—he.
TRANSLATION
Abandoning all attachment to the results of his activities, ever satisfied and independant, he performs no fruitive action, although engaged in all kinds of undertakings.
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Chapter 3: Karma-yoga
TEXT 19
तस्मादसक्त: सततं कार्यं कर्म समाचर |
असक्तो ह्याचरन्कर्म परमाप्नोति पूरुष: || 19||
तस्माद-असक्त: सततं, कार्यं कर्म समाचर |
असक्तो ह्य-आचरन-कर्म, परं-अप्नोति पूरुष: || 19||
tasmad asaktah satatam karyam karma samacara
asakto hy acaran karma param apnoti purusah
SYNONYMS
tasmat—therefore; asaktah—without attachment; satatam—constantly;
karyam—as duty; karma—work; samacara—perform; asaktah—nonattachment;
hi—certainly; acaran—performing; karma—work; param—the Supreme;
apnoti—achieves; purusah—a man.
TRANSLATION
Therefore, without being attached to the fruits of activities, one should act as a matter of duty; for by working without attachment, one attains the Supreme.
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Chapter 2: Contents of the Gita Summarized
TEXT 51
कर्मजं बुद्धियुक्ता हि फलं त्यक्त्वा मनीषिण: |
जन्मबन्धविनिर्मुक्ता: पदं गच्छन्त्यनामयम् || 51||
कर्म जं बुद्धि-युक्ता हि, फलं त्यक्त्वा मनीषिण: |
जन्म-बन्ध-विनिर्मुक्ता:, पदं गच्छन्ति -अनामयं || 51||
karma-jam buddhi-yukta hi phalam tyaktva manisinah
janma-bandha-vinirmuktah padam gacchanty anamayam
SYNONYMS
karma-jam—because of fruitive activities;
buddhi-yuktah—being done in devotional service; hi—certainly;
phalam—results; tyaktva—giving up;
manisinah—devotees who are great sages;
janma-bandha—the bondage of birth and death;
vinirmuktah—liberated souls; padam—position; gacchanti—reach;
anamayam—without miseries.
TRANSLATION
The wise, engaged in devotional service, take refuge in the Lord, and free themselves from the cycle of birth and death by renouncing the fruits of action in the material world. In this way they can attain that state beyond all miseries.
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Chapter 2: Contents of the Gita Summarized
TEXT 70
आपूर्यमाणमचलप्रतिष्ठं, समुद्रमाप: प्रविशन्ति यद्वत् |
तद्वत्कामा यं प्रविशन्ति सर्वे, स शान्तिमाप्नोति न कामकामी || 70||
आपूर्यमाणम अचल-प्रतिष्ठं, समुद्रं अप: प्रविशन्ति यद्वत् |
तद्वत कामा यं प्रविशन्ति सर्वे, स शान्तिं अप्नोति न काम-कामी || 70||
apuryamanam acala-pratistham
samudram apah pravisanti yadvat
tadvat kama yam pravisanti sarve
sa santim apnoti na kama-kami
SYNONYMS
apuryamanam—always filled; acala-pratistham—steadily situated;
samudram—the ocean; apah—water; pravisanti—enter; yadvat—as;
tadvat—so; kamah—desires; yam—unto one; pravisanti—enter; sarve—all;
sah—that person; santim—peace; apnoti—achieves; na—not;
kama-kami—one who desires to fulfill desires.
TRANSLATION
A person who is not disturbed by the incessant flow of desires—that enter like rivers into the ocean which is ever being filled but is always still—can alone achieve peace, and not the man who strives to satisfy such desires.
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https://www.holy-bhagavad-gita.org/chapter/1/verse/4-6
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